YOUTH VIOLENCE IN SCHOOLS

Violence among adolescents and children remains an important problem in U.S. schools. Although the rate of single-victim homicides (murders) in schools went down between 1994 and 1999, the number of events in which more than one victim was killed increased. Teenagers are 2 1/2 times more likely than adults to be victims of violence. The December 5, 2001, issue of JAMA contains an article about school-associated violent deaths in the United States.

Risk Factors

· There is no single cause of violent behavior in youths. Several risk factors, however, have been identified among people who become violent, including:

· Exposure to violence in the home or community

· A history of early aggressive or violent behavior and expressing beliefs that support violence

· Being the victim of school bullying, or feeling rejected or disrespected

· Being the victim of physical or sexual abuse

· Family disruption and social factors such as poverty, divorce, single-parent upbringing, or being moved frequently

Warning Signs

There is no easy way to identify children or adolescents who are more likely to be violent, but if you notice these signs in a child or adolescent, seek professional help from a physician, psychologist, or another resource such as a guidance counselor or member of the clergy. Warning signs include:

· Intense anger and frequent loss of temper; becoming frustrated easily and frequently

· Frequent physical fighting or threatening others; plans to hurt others or commit violence

· Extreme impulsiveness or increase in risk-taking behaviors (may include use of alcohol and other drugs)

· Talk of or attempts at suicide

· Vandalism or other property damage, cruelty to animals, starting fires

· Social withdrawal and rejection of friends and family

Prevention

There is no simple way to prevent violent behavior in young people, but there is a lot parents can do.

· Give children and adolescents consistent love and attention. Young people learn by example, so eliminate violence in the home. Settle arguments without yelling, hitting, slapping or spanking. Teach non-aggressive ways of problem-solving by discussing problems and setting rules for appropriate behavior.

· Be aware of what your children watch on TV, movies and video games. Watch with them to discuss or limit violent content.

· Be sure children and adolescents do not have unsupervised access to dangerous weapons, such as guns.

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